Volume 9, Issue 3, March – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24MAR2218

Safe Drive Headgear System

Muduru Jagadeesh1; Duddella Vikhil2; Somagani Madhan3; G.Radhika4; Dr. A. N. Satyanarayana5
1,2,3
Students of B.Tech, ECE Department, Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology, Hyderabad.
4,5
Assistant Professor and Professor of Electronics and Communication, SNIST, Hyderabad

Abstract:- India, the world's second-most populous we can warn riders and others around them about dangerous
country, boasts a significant youth demographic. In situations, like sending a message if there's a problem.
contemporary times, young individuals exhibit a Making wearing helmets compulsory for riders can help too.
penchant for motorcycles, often prioritizing style over According to recent studies, every hour, 4 people die in road
safety by neglecting to wear helmets. Consequently, accidents, and 70% of them weren't wearing helmets. By
motorcycle accidents have seen a steady rise, resulting in looking at data from all over the world and using new tech,
fatalities predominantly attributed to head injuries. we can make rules to keep everyone safe. Our project's main
However, the adoption of helmets could mitigate such goal is to make sure people are safe when riding
risks and prevent tragic outcomes. Furthermore, motorcycles.
instances of driving under the influence have surged,
contributing to accidents and fatalities owing to reckless Objective: The main goal of this system is to make a
behavior. In case of hit and run it is becoming some helmet that keeps riders safe and stops them from driving
difficult to identify the vehicle. So, there is a need of when they've had too much to drink. It also tells someone if
identify the vehicle which hit the backside. These the rider has an accident and sends a text message.
unfortunate occurrences have spurred the development
of a technologically advanced solution: a safe drive II. PROPOSEED SYSTEM
headgear system. This innovative device aims to curb
accidents and minimize fatalities by incorporating key We're making a safe drive headgear system using IoT
features. For instance, the motorcycle only initiates upon tech to keep bike riders safe. Here's how it works:
the rider donning a helmet. Additionally, in cases of
alcohol intoxication, the ignition system automatically  The system checks if the rider is wearing a helmet. If
disengages. By using ESP 32 camera and IR sensor we they are, the bike can start.
can identify the vehicle in hit and run case. Moreover, in  It also checks if the rider has had too much alcohol. If
the event of an accident, the integrated GSM modem they have, the bike won't start.
swiftly dispatches distress messages to pre-registered  If the rider has an accident, it sends a message to
contacts via a SIM card. someone with their location.
 It also identifies the vehicle which hit out bike from back
Keywords:- Component; GSM Module ;Internet of Things; by using camera and ir sensor.
ESP 32 Camera ; GPS Module ; Safe Drive Headgear
System) We're using IoT to make sure riders know the rules and
stay safe. Wearing a helmet is really important for bike
I. INTRODUCTION riders, but it's not enough to keep them safe if they don't
follow the rules. Many people just wear any old helmet to
Technology is a word we hear everywhere, especially avoid getting in trouble with the police, but those helmets
in areas like education, making things, getting around, don't keep them safe. That's why we're making a save drive
talking to each other, and staying healthy. In getting around, headgear system to solve these problems.
transport is really important for the economy and something
governments use. There are lots of ways we can travel, but III. SYSTEM DESIGN
young people especially love motorcycles. Staying safe on a
motorcycle depends on lots of things like the type of gear The system has two parts
you use, how the bike is made, and how good the rider is.
But even with all that, motorcyclists are some of the most at A. Helmet Part
risk on the roads. Without the right protective gear, even a B. Bike Part
small mistake can cause big injuries or even death. It's not
just about being careless though; people can get hurt or die A. Helmet Part
because they're going too fast, driving recklessly, drinking This part consists of alcohol sensor, Limit switch, RF
too much, or not following the rules. But the biggest danger, transmitter and microcontroller. Alcoho sensor is used to
which can cause immediate death, is not wearing a helmet. detect whether the rider is consumed alcohol or not. Limit
Wearing a helmet can reduce the chances of head injuries by switch is used to identify whether the rider wore the helmet
80% and save lives in accidents. With new technology like or not. The information is transferred from helmet part to
IoT, we can make roads safer. By adding sensors to bikes, bike part using RF transmitter.

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Volume 9, Issue 3, March – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24MAR2218

A limit switch is an electromechanical device operated

by a physical force applied to it by an object. Limit switches
are used to detect the presence or absence of an object.
These switches were originally used to define the limit of
travel of an object, and as a result, they were named Limit
Switch.

 Rf Transmitter

Fig 1: Block Diagram of Helmet Part

 Main Components Description

 Alcohol Sensor

Fig 4: RF Transmitter

The radiofrequency (RF) transmitter is the generator of

the radiofrequency current which is delivered to the
transmitting coil. This creates a signal which is used to
excite protons in the imaging field. Radiofrequency coils
can be both transmitters and receivers of the radiofrequency
signal or receivers alone.

 Microcontroller

Fig 2: Alcohol Sensor

An alcohol sensor gauges the presence of ethanol in the

air as someone breathes near it. When a person who has
been drinking breathes into the sensor, it detects the alcohol
vapor in their breath and provides an output based on the
concentration of alcohol. This sensor is integrated into a
helmet, strategically positioned to effectively detect the
person's breath.

 Limit Switch Fig 5: Microcontroller

A microcontroller is a compact integrated circuit

designed to govern a specific operation in an embedded
system. A typical microcontroller includes a processor,
memory and input/output peripherals on a single chip.

B. Bike Part
Bike part consists of GSM module, GPS module, LCD
display, Vibration sensor, RF receiver, Arduino UNO, ESP
32 camera, microcontroller, IR sensor and motor. These
components are used to detect the accident and send the
SMS along with location to pre saved contact. The image of
the vehicle which will hit our bike from back will be
captured using ESP 32 cam and send the image in telegram.
Fig 3: Limit Switch

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Volume 9, Issue 3, March – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24MAR2218

 GSM Modem

Fig 8: GSM Modern

The SIM800L CHIP offers a comprehensive Quad-

band GSM/GPRS solution in a surface-mount technology
Fig 6: Block Diagram of Bike Part Main Components (SMT) format, suitable for integration into various customer
Description applications. These modules serve as integral components of
Internet-of-Things hardware. Operating across Quad-band
 GPS Module 850/900/1800/1900MHz frequencies, the SIM800L supports
voice, SMS, and data transmission while maintaining low
power consumption. Measuring a compact
17.6*15.7*2.3mm, it easily meets the slim and compact
design requirements of customers.

 LCD Display

Fig 7: GPS Module

Fig 9: LCD Display
The Global Positioning System (GPS) relies on signals
transmitted by satellites in space and ground stations on LCD, or Liquid Crystal Display, operates by utilizing
Earth to precisely ascertain its location on the planet. The liquid crystals as its primary mechanism. LEDs, on the other
NEO-6M GPS receiver module utilizes USART hand, have a wide range of applications for both consumers
communication to interact with a microcontroller or PC and businesses. They are commonly utilized in smartphones,
terminal. It receives data such as latitude, longitude, altitude, televisions, computer monitors, and instrument panels.
UTC time, etc., in the form of NMEA strings from satellites.
These strings require parsing to extract the desired
information.

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Volume 9, Issue 3, March – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24MAR2218

 Arduino UNO  IR Sensor

Fig 12: IR Sensor

Fig 10: Arduino Uno
An infrared sensor (IR sensor) is a radiation-sensitive
Arduino UNO is a microcontroller board built around
optoelectronic component with a spectral sensitivity in the
the ATmega328P chip. Featuring 14 digital input/output
infrared wavelength range 780 nm … 50 µm. IR sensors are
pins (6 of which support PWM output), 6 analog inputs, a 16
now widely used in motion detectors, which are used in
MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an
building services to switch on lamps or in alarm systems to
ICSP header, and a reset button, it encompasses all the
detect unwelcome guests.
essentials to facilitate microcontroller operations. Simply
connect it to a computer via USB cable or power it using an
 RF Receiver
AC-to-DC adapter or battery to begin. UNO encourages
experimentation without fear of irreversible mistakes; in the
worst-case scenario, you can replace the chip inexpensively
and start anew.

 ESP 32 Camera
The ESP32 CAM Wi-Fi Module Bluetooth with
OV2640 Camera Module 2MP For Face Recognization has
a very competitive small-size camera module that can
operate independently as a minimum system with a footprint
of only 40 x 27 mm; a deep sleep current of up to 6mA and
is widely used in various IoT applications.

Fig 13: RF Receiver

RF receivers are electronic devices that separate radio

signals from one another and convert specific signals into
audio, video, or data formats. RF receivers use an antenna to
receive transmitted radio signals and a tuner to separate a
specific signal from all of the other signals that the antenna
receives. Humankind communicates with artificially created
radio waves that oscillate at various chosen frequencies. RF
communication is used in many industries including
television broadcasting, radar systems, computer and mobile
platform networks, remote control, remote
Fig 11: ESP 32 Camera metering/monitoring, and many more.

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Volume 9, Issue 3, March – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24MAR2218

 Vibration Sensor A microcontroller is a compact integrated circuit

designed to govern a specific operation in an embedded
system. A typical microcontroller includes a processor,
memory and input/output peripherals on a single chip.

IV. IMPLEMENTATION

This system's implementation ensures efficient

accident detection at a minimal cost, enhancing safety
measures for motorcycles and reducing road accidents. The
"Safe drive headgear system" system achieves the following
objectives:

 Monitoring the rider's helmet usage status

 Detecting alcohol content
 Detecting accidents and sharing location information
 To capture the vehicle image which come from backside
and may involve in hit and run.
Fig 14: Vibration Sensor

A vibration sensor, or vibration detector, measures

vibration levels in machinery for screening and analysis.
Maintenance teams use industrial vibration sensors for
condition monitoring, giving them insight into the
magnitude and frequency of vibration signals.

 Micro Controller

Fig 16: Circuit Diagram

Fig 15: Micro Controller

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Volume 9, Issue 3, March – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24MAR2218

A. Helmet Part

Fig 17: Flow Chart of Helmet Part

In the proposed system, a transmitter is housed within sensor detect elevated alcohol levels beyond a
the helmet section, while a receiver is installed on the predetermined threshold, indicating intoxication, the ignition
motorcycle. This setup enables seamless wireless system of the bike is disabled to prevent starting. The data
communication between the two modules. When the rider gathered by these components within the helmet is
dons the helmet, a switch within the helmet is activated. processed by an embedded microcontroller. Subsequently,
Simultaneously, an alcohol sensor integrated into the helmet the processed data is transmitted to the bike module via RF
detects alcohol vapors from the rider's breath. Should the transmission.

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Volume 9, Issue 3, March – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24MAR2218

B. Bike Part

Fig 18: Flow Chart Bike Part

The RF receiver within the bike module picks up data monitors the bike's orientation relative to the ground. If the
sent from the helmet and transfers it to the microcontroller tilt exceeds a predefined threshold, indicating a potential
for evaluation. Based on the collected data from the helmet, accident, the system triggers an immediate notification to
the microcontroller determines whether to enable or disable the registered contact number via GSM, including the
the bike's ignition system. Two conditions must be met for accident location, facilitating prompt assistance for the
the bike to start: victim.

 Rider must wear the helmet since there is a switch in the The system swiftly alerts emergency services for
helmet when the switch is pressed the ignition starts. immediate hospitalization and medical attention.
 The rider should not cross the threshold value of Additionally, authorities, such as the police station, are
consumption of alcohol. notified of the incident. An IR sensor detects vehicles
approaching the bike from behind, potentially involved in an
Starting the bike's ignition requires the helmet data to accident. Subsequently, an ESP32 camera captures images
meet the specified conditions. If these conditions are not of the vehicle and transmits them via Telegram.
met, the bike will not start. Additionally, a vibration sensor

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Volume 9, Issue 3, March – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24MAR2218

V. RESULT

The IoT-powered Two-wheeler Safety System,

incorporating the Safe Drive Headgear, prioritizes safety and
reliability. Its primary objective is to prevent injuries in case
of accidents and identify the vehicle in the event of a rear-
end collision. It also aims to deter cases of driving under the
influence. Upon detecting an accident, the system notifies a
registered contact with 90% accuracy, providing them with
the location to ensure prompt medical attention. Accident
detection relies on the feedback from a vibration sensor
installed on the bike. Additionally, the system can identify
alcohol presence in the rider's breath; if the rider is
intoxicated, the bike will not start. Overall, the system's
functionality revolves around monitoring the rider's actions.

Fig 19: Helmet

Fig 21: Helmet Detection

Fig 20: Alcohol Detection Fig 22: Accident Detection

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Volume 9, Issue 3, March – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24MAR2218

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to thank our project guide Mrs.G. Radhi

ka and project coordinator Dr. A. N. Satyanarayana, who su
pported us during the completion of the project and helped u
s a lot in developing the manuscript.

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