When clinicians are asked if a patient’s case they’re managing has a corresponding care guideline, the answer is usually “no.” As those in medicine can attest, only about 20% of patients are linked to a standard care guideline. Pair that with the fact that just shy of 20% of existing care guidelines are backed by high-quality evidence, and we arrive at a shocking conclusion: Roughly only 4% of the patient care situations a doctor must manage have guidance derived from randomized, controlled clinical trials. In other words, research is almost always lacking.